Quick Hits
Daily brief research updates from the cognitive sciences
Recently I reported on one conundrum of learning in groups: that of optimal group formation i.e. should you group learners with similar ability or diverging ability for the best average learning outcomes.
That question seems to have been resolved. However, there remain other questions such as how does group interaction affect learning?
A recently published study by Stephanie Halmo et al. of the University of Georgia has given us some interesting new insights into this.
To do this the researchers recorded the conversation of students in breakout groups in collaborative learning tasks. They analysed the conversation and identified a number of meta-cognitive statements that helped to move learning forward these included asking for clarification, checking that the discussions and reasoning was guiding towards the actual goals of the group, but also, importantly, of correcting other students.
This correcting of other students seems to be particularly important – not just for the person being corrected but the whole groups. It is likely also the most difficult to do because of politeness or fear of conflict – yet this shows this is precisely the most important thing to do and serves the collective.
Another interesting feature and one that is counter intuitive is that long periods of silence were also indicative of better learning – in this group work we may often think of talkative groups as being the most effective but the data showed otherwise.
There could be multiple reasons for this: lack of attention, lack of deep thought, a constant barrage of chatter, etc. It goes against our intuitions because if we see groups chatting a lot, we perceive high collaboration and therefore assume effective learning. This applies to the group itself as well as the educator guiding this learning.
So, all in when learning in groups, do interact, but be thoughtful, guide towards the goal, and do correct others when suitable. That will make group learning more effective. And I’ve certainly just learned something.

Andy Habermacher
Andy is author of leading brains Review, Neuroleadership, and multiple other books. He has been intensively involved in writing and research into neuroleadership and is considered one of Europe’s leading experts. He is also a well-known public speaker, speaking on the brain and human behaviour.
Andy is also a masters athlete (middle distance running) and competes regularly at international competitions (and holds a few national records in his age category).
References
Stephanie M. Halmo, Emily K. Bremers, Sammantha Fuller, Julie Dangremond Stanton.
“Oh, that makes sense”: Social Metacognition in Small-Group Problem Solving.
CBE—Life Sciences Education, 2022; 21 (3)
DOI: 10.1187/cbe.22-01-0009
More Quick Hits
Those Who Distrust Humans, Trust AI
We probably all know someone who is extremely distrustful of fellow human beings…
Watching TV With Your Child Can Help Cognitive Development
This is another study to show that there is no quick and easy answer to the question of screen time and children…
How Fear Gets Stuck in (Some) Brains
Fear is an important human emotion and essential to survival so not to be underestimated…
Your Brain Switches Between Remembering and Learning
Learning and memory are key functions of the brain and ones that attract a lot of attention and research…
How Daily Rhythms Help Your Brain Grow After Injury
Always nice to know that you brain can grow – and it is still met with surprise when I explain how this can happen…
The Seven Habits to Reduce Dementia
We would all like to age well remaining cognitively active into older and old age. I have reported multiple times…